Evaluation on the application effect of "flipped classroom" in general surgery practice teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application and practice of "flipped classroom" in the teaching of general surgery interns.Methods:A total of 20 internship groups (3 to 5 people in each group) were randomly selected from the general surgery practice group in the Department of General Surgery of the Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College. They were randomly divided into the flipped group (45 people) and the traditional group (40 people), with 10 subgroups in each group. The flipped group adopted the flipped classroom teaching mode (students' self-study by handing out materials before class, students and teachers' discussion in class, and students and teachers' evaluation after class), while the control group adopted the current conventional teaching mode (students' preview before class, teachers' explanation in class, and teachers' question answering after class). At the end of the teaching, a questionnaire was used to evaluate the participation and completion of each student. The teaching effect was evaluated by medical history collection and case analysis. The participation, completion, and teaching effect between the two groups were compared and analyzed. SPSS 23.0 software was used for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The participation of the flipped group was better than that of the traditional group [(17.45±1.83) vs. (15.57±1.52)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the flipped group and the traditional group. There was no significant difference in medical history collection scores between the two groups. The case analysis of the flipped group was better than that of the traditional group [(87.30±6.06) vs. (81.50±5.88), P < 0.05]. The questionnaire shows that about 90% of the students think that flipped classroom can improve their interest in learning [96% (43/45)], improve their autonomous learning ability [89% (40/45)], and have better learning effect. At the same time, 78% (35/45) of students think that learning time is too long. Conclusion:The flipped classroom teaching model can improve the teaching participation of general surgery students, improve students' interest in learning, improve their self-learning ability, and improve students' thinking ability of medical record analysis.

Study on improving the diagnostic performance of transrectal ultrasound for prostate cancer diagnosis based on deep learning / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of transrectal ultrasound images classification network model of prostate cancer based on deep learning in the classification of benign and malignant prostate tissue in transrectal ultrasound images.Methods:A total of 1 462 two-dimensional images of transrectal prostate biopsy with clear pathologic results(including 658 images of malignant tumor, 804 images of benign tumor) from 203 patients with suspicious prostate cancer(including 89 cases of malignant tumor, 114 cases of benign tumor) were collected from May 2018 to May 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University. They were divided into the training database, validation database, and test database. And the training and validation database were used to train and obtain the intelligence-assisted diagnosis network model, and then the test database was used to test the network model and two ultrasound doctors of different ages. With pathologic diagnosis as the gold standard, the diagnostic performance among them was evaluated.Results:①The sensitivity of network model was 66.7% the specificity was 91.9%, the accuracy was 80.5%, the precision(positive predictive value) was 87.1%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.922. ②The accuracy of the junior and senior ultrasound doctors was 57.5%, 62.0%; the specificity was 62.0%, 66.3%; the sensitivity was 51.5%, 56.8%; the precision was 53.1%, 58.1%, respectively. ③The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision of classification: the network model > the ultrasound doctors, the differences were significant( P<0.05); the senior ultrasound doctor>the junior ultrasound doctor, the differences were not significant( P>0.05). Conclusions:The intelligence-assisted diagnosis network model based on deep learning can classify benign and malignant prostate tissue in transrectal ultrasound images, improve the accuracy of ultrasound doctors in diagnosing prostate cancer. It is of great significance to improve the efficiency of screening for patients with high clinical suspicion of prostate cancer.

PD0325901, an ERK inhibitor, enhances the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor in non-small cell lung carcinoma

ERK pathway regulated the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression which was linked to the response of programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade therapy. So it is deducible that ERK inhibitor could enhance the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, PD0325901, an oral potent ERK inhibitor, strongly enhanced the efficacy of PD-1 antibody

Analysis of Chemical Composition in Sancao Baogan Decoction Based on UPLC-ESI-HRMSn / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To analysis the chemical constituents in Sancao Baogan decoction by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-HRMSn). Method::The separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) by a gradient elution of methanol (A)-0.1% formic acid solution (B) (0-2 min, 5%A; 2-20 min, 5%-12%A; 20-35 min, 12%-40%A; 35-38 min, 40%A; 38-48 min, 40%-80%A; 48-50 min, 80%A). The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1 and the column temperature was set at 30 ℃, the injection volume was 10 μL. Electrospray ionization was applied and the data were collected via positive and negative ion modes. By using Xcalibur 3.0 software, the chemical constituents were analyzed based on the relative retention time, excimer ion peak and fragment ion peak of the compounds, as well as comparison with human metabolome database (HMDB), reference substances and literature data. Result::A total of 40 chemical components were identified from Sancao Baogan decoction, including 16 phenolic acids, 19 flavonoids, 2 anthraquinones, 1 triterpenoid, 1 sterol, and 1 monoterpenoid. Six compounds (dansensu, α-pinene, epigallocatechin, 2, 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, naringenin and emodin) were reported for the first time from Sancao Baogan decoction. Conclusion::The established UPLC-ESI-HRMSn can quickly, accurately and comprehensively analyze the chemical constituents of Sancao Baogan decoction, which lays a foundation for the basic research of pharmacodynamic substances and quality control of this formula.

Study of Cystatin C in the prognosis of critically ill patients / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between Cystatin C levels change and the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients.METHODS: There were altogether 4642 patients in intensive care unit(ICU)of West China Hospital of Sichuan university from 28 th August 2009 to 16 th April 2010,and their general conditions were recorded,including sex,age,and being with or without diabetes mellitus;then the database was established accordingly.The patients were divided into four groups according to the change of Cys C values in ICU:high increase(>1 mg/L),slight increase(≤1 mg/L),high decrease(>1 mg/L)and slight decrease(≤1 mg/L).The difference in 30-day mortality in patients were compared.The patients were followed up for 8 years.RESULTS: One thousand and thirty-six patients were included in this study,272 cases died within 30 days,with the highest in patients of the group with high increase of Cystatin C(77.9%),followed the high-decrease group(33.3%);the mortality rate of group with slight decrease was the lowest among the four groups(16.5%).The 8-year survival of 764 patients who did not die within 30 days was 54.58%.CONCLUSION: The change of Cystatin C value is closely related to the 30-day mortality of critically ill patients.The lowest 30-day mortality of critically ill patients is the group with slight decrease of Cystatin C.

Parameters and connotations of quantity of mild moxibustion stimulation / 针刺研究

The quantity of mild moxibustion stimulation is an important factor affecting clinical therapeutic effect. In the present study, we collected related literature by using key word "moxibustion stimulation quantity" from CNKI Database and make a summary about its concept. The quantity of mild moxibustion stimulation has two common characters, namely thermal intensity and cumulative stimulating quantity, and contains 6 components (parameters), including thermal energy, thermal stimulus, heated area of the skin, and stimulating duration, intensity and frequency. According to the facts mentioned above, we hold that the mild moxibustion quantity actually has 3 dimensions, i．e., the duration of stimulation, the stimulating quantity of one treatment session, and the total stimulating quantity of multiple treatment sessions. Accurately grasping and rationally using the basic term of the quantity of mild moxibustion is not only conductive to control clinical moxibustion operation, but also conforms to the basic requirements for quantitative control of intervention measures in experimental researches.

Expression and mechanism of microRNA-613 in breast cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the expression and mechanism of microRNA (miRNA)-613 in breast cancer. Methods: A total of 91 specimens of breast cancer tissue were collected from Nanchong Central Hospital between May 2017 and May 2018. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to estimate miRNA-613 expression levels in breast cancer and adjacent tissues and breast cancer ( cells MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MCF-7) and normal breast epithelial (HBL-100) cell lines. Based on these data, the relationship between miRNA-613 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in breast cancer patients were analyzed using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the binding of miRNA-613 to the 3'UTR of SOX9. Effects on cell proliferation and cell invasion and migration upon transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells with miRNA-613 mimics were detected by the CCK-8 assay and Transwell invasion and migration assays, respectively. In addition, Western blot was used to estimate the expression levels of SOX9, β-catenin, E-cadherin, and Vimentin in the transfected cells. Results: The expression of miRNA-613 in breast cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05) and was found to be closely related to TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). TCGA survival data showed that miRNA-613 expression was not related to the overall survival rate of breast cancer patients (P>0.05 ). The expression of miRNA-613 in breast cancer cell lines was significantly lower than that in the normal breast epithelial cell line (P<0.05). Similarly, the expression of miRNA-613 in highly invasive metastatic breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) was significantly lower than that in the metastatic breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with lower invasion ability (P<0.05). The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miRNA-613 could specifically bind to the 3'UTR of SOX9. Upregulation of miRNA-613 expression could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.05). This was associated with the downregulated expression of SOX9, β-catenin, and Vimentin (P<0.05) and upregulation of E-Cadherin expression (P<0.05). Conclusions: The expression of miRNA-613 was decreased in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. MiRNA-613 may inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating the SOX9 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

Radiosensitization and micro CT imaging of multifunctional gold nanoparticles in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell: an in vivo animal study / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the radiosensitization effect and micro CT imaging of multifunctional gold nanoparticles in lung adenocarcinoma A549 tumor-bearing mouse models.Methods The tumor-bearing mice were injected with gold nanoparticles and irradiated with different energy levels of 160 kV and 6 MV X-ray.The tumor volume changes were measured.Intra-tumoral injection of gold nanoparticles was administered and micro CT scan was performed at different time points to observe the imaging and retention time of gold nanoparticles in the tumor tissues.Results The tumor volume did not significantly differ between the control and gold nanoparticles groups (P=0.941).The tumor volume in the 6 MV X-ray combined with gold nanoparticles group was slightly reduced compared with that in the 6 MV X-ray group with no statistical significance (P=0.730).The tumor volume in the 160 kV X-ray combined with gold nanoparticles group was significantly smaller than that in the 160 kV X-ray group (P=0.026).Micro CT scan demonstrated that gold nanoparticles could be deposited in the tumors for 30 d and yielded excellent imaging effect.No gold nanoparticles-induced toxicity was observed.Conclusions Multifunctional gold nanoparticles exert significant radiosensitization effect in the lung adenocarcinoma A549 transplanted tumors irradiated with 160 kV X-ray.Stable CT imaging of the gold nanoparticles-injected tumors can be used as a potential method for mapping and delineating the target area in tumor-guided radiotherapy.

Effects of long-term studying abroad on scientific research ability of clinical doctors / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze whether studying abroad has any influence on clinicians′scientific research ability, and study the rationality of the indicators reflecting the scientific research ability. Methods A total of 36 clinicians who studied abroad more than 3 months between 2008 and 2010 were selected as the abroad group, and the control group of 36 clinicians was selected from the clinician information database of the hospital by the method of Propensity Score Match.A comparison and analysis were made regarding the number of papers(SCI), grants and scientific and technological achievements between the two groups. Meanwhile, covariance analysis was used to compare the difference in the number of scientific research achievements between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the changes in scientific research achievements of clinicians before and after their abroad study. Results The number of articles( SCI) published and grants obtained in the 3 years after going abroad was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the number of grants obtained in the 4-6 years after going abroad was also significantly higher than that in the control group.The number of papers(SCI)published in the three years after going abroad was more than that in the 3 years before going abroad.The number of grants obtained in the 4-6 years after going abroad was more than that in the 3 years before going abroad.These differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Studying abroad has a beneficial effect on the improvement of clinicians′ scientific research ability. It is reasonable and practical to take the number of SCI articles published as the indicator of short-term changes and the number of funds obtained as the indicator of long-term changes in scientific research ability.

All levels miniplate fixation and a modified hybrid fixation method in expansive open-door cervical laminoplasty: a retrospective comparative study / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To retrospectively compare the effect of alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation with the effect of all levels miniplate fixation in expansive open-door cervical laminoplasty (EOLP).@*METHODS@#Patients with cervical spondylosis underwent EOLP between July 2015 and June 2016 were included in the study. There were 33 patients in the alternate group (alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation group) and 34 patients in the miniplate group (all levels miniplate fixation group). Neurological function was evaluated with the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score and degree of pain was assessed with the visual analogue scale (VAS) score. Basic clinical and surgical data, complication rates and medical costs of the two groups were compared. In addition, radiological examinations were performed pre- and post-operatively and at the final follow-up. Relative imaging data such as anteroposterior diameter (APD), cervical curvature index (CCI) and open angle were collected and compared.@*RESULTS@#(1) The mean follow-up time was 18.6 months in the alternate group and 18.9 months in the miniplate group. There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative complication rates, post-operative hospital stays, VAS scores and neurological recovery rates preoperatively and at the final follow-up between the two groups. (2) Additionally, no obvious differences were observed about CCIs and APDs at the three follow-up time points between the two groups. Post-operative open angles at C4 and C6 in the alternate group were significantly smaller than those in the miniplate group. However, there were no significant differences in C3, C5 and C7 open angles between the two groups post-operatively. Notably, no significant differences were detected about the open angles at all levels between the two groups at the final follow-up. (3) When comparing radiologic data at different time points in each group, CCIs and open angles at each level had no significant differences, but APDs after surgery and at the final follow-up were significantly larger than pre-operative APDs. (4) Total costs in the alternate group were significantly lower than those in the miniplate group.@*CONCLUSION@#The two surgical methods showed almost the same neurological recovery rates and complication rates. However, use of alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation in EOLP can reduce medical expenses.

Superior colliculus-pulvinar-amygdala subcortical visual pathway and its biological significance / 生理学报

Superior colliculus-pulvinar-amygdala pathway is one of the subcortical visual pathways in mammalian brain. Some recent studies suggest that this pathway is involved in processing emotion-related visual information. This review discusses the possibility that this pathway is more related to visual alert rather than simply the early visual information processing. The biological significance of this pathway is also discussed. Instead of detecting "where" or "what" the visual target is, the task of this early visual stage is to send out a warning signal, i.e., "something appears", so that the brain can be set up in a state of alert, which is important for the survival of animals. Thus, in the early visual information process, detection of new object "emerging" or "disappearing" takes priority over the acquisition of its feature information of "texture" and "shape", etc. The subcortical pathway may provide the neural basis of early visual warning in topological perception, a biological significance critical for animal survival.

The treatment of 23 patients with macrostomia by modified modiolus reconstruction / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore a method for macrostomia repairment, in order to to achieve better physiological and aesthetic outcomes.@*Methods@#23 patients with macrostomia were treated by standard procedure: including orbicularis oris reconstruction, perioral expression muscles fixation, modiolus reconstruction, commissure point shift, and " w" shape incision.@*Results@#22 cases obtained both static and dynamic symmetrical outcomes. One case developed asymmetrically.@*Conclusions@#The macrostomia repairment following present standard procedure, is likely to achieve both static and dynamic satisfactory outcomes, due to balanced perioral muscles.

Discussion on Classical Morphological View of Acupoints: Taking Book A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion as An Example / 针刺研究

After analyzing the contents of Volume Ⅲ of A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, we propose a concept of classical morphological view about acupoints in terms of their superficial signs and structure in Chinese ancient times. That is to say that the ancient medical experts' understanding about acupoints contain locality, layers and variability. These 3 aspects were applied to the classification and location of acupoints, as well as to the clinical treatment in the ancient times. Furthermore, the classical view about acupoints also contains the ideas of Shou-Xing (, keeping paying attention to needling the local acupoints only in the light of the focus) and Shou-Shen (, keeping paying attention to both the related acupoints and appropriate manipulations in the light of pattern identification of symptoms and signs as well as the patients' physical constitutions) in performing acupuncture treatment. Owing to the influence of the idea of Shou-Shen, the classical view about the signs and structure of acupoints presented a weakening trend gradually in ancient Chinese medical circle.

Anodal Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation Over the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Influences Emotional Face Perception / 神经科学通报·英文版

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is considered to play a crucial role in many high-level functions, such as cognitive control and emotional regulation. Many studies have reported that the DLPFC can be activated during the processing of emotional information in tasks requiring working memory. However, it is still not clear whether modulating the activity of the DLPFC influences emotional perception in a detection task. In the present study, using transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS), we investigated (1) whether modulating the right DLPFC influences emotional face processing in a detection task, and (2) whether the DLPFC plays equal roles in processing positive and negative emotional faces. The results showed that anodal tDCS over the right DLPFC specifically facilitated the perception of positive faces, but did not influence the processing of negative faces. In addition, anodal tDCS over the right primary visual cortex enhanced performance in the detection task regardless of emotional valence. Our findings suggest, for the first time, that modulating the right DLPFC influences emotional face perception, especially faces showing positive emotion.

The expression and significance of serum P53,MMP-7 and MMP-9 in patients with bladder cancer / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the expression and significance of serum P53,MMP-7 and MMP-9 in pa-tients with bladder cancer.Methods From March 2015 to March 2017,104 cases of bladder cancer in our hos-pital were analyzed retrospectively,and 52 patients with benign bladder diseases were selected at the same time.According to the severity of the disease,the patients with bladder cancer were divided into the stage Ⅰ -Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ,and 52 patients with benign lesions were served as the control group.Serum P53 antibody index and absorption rate,serum matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7),serum matrix metalloproteinase -9 (MMP-9)and urine MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels were compared between the three groups.Results The anti-body level and absorption rate of serum P53 in patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ group and stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ group were higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The index of patients in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ group is higher than that of stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ group(P< 0.05).The serum levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The index of patients in stage Ⅲ - Ⅳgroup is higher than that of stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ group(P<0.05).The urine MMP-7 and MMP-9 water in patients with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ group and stage Ⅲ - Ⅳ group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The indexes of the patients in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ group were higher than those in stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ group(P<0.05).Conclu-sion The levels of serum P53 antibody index,MMP-7,MMP-9 and urine MMP-7 and MMP-9 were abnormal in bladder cancer patients.Moreover,the higher the stage of bladder cancer,the higher the expression level of these indicators,w hich are helpful in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Immunochromatographic Assay for Detection of Imidaclothiz Based on Upconversion Fluorescence Labeling / 分析化学

A simple,rapid and sensitive upconversion immunochromatographic assay(UICA) was developed to detect imidaclothiz using NaYF4:Yb,Er upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs) labeled with anti-imidaclothiz monoclonal antibody. The amino-modified UCNPs were conjugated with anti-imidaclothiz monoclonal antibody to prepare the UICA strip,which could realize the quantitative detection of imidaclothiz using a fluorescence photometer with an external 980 nm laser source. The working conditions of the UICA were systematically optimized, and the sensitivity, specificity, precision and accuracy were assessed by the studies of cross-reactivity (CR), spiked recovery and validation with HPLC. Under the optimal conditions (pH 8. 0, 0.3 mol/L NaCl,2.5% methanol and 0.2% PEG2000), the UICA could be completed in 25 min for the detection of imidaclothiz. The half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50), limit of detection (IC10) and linear range (IC10-IC90) were 97.37 ng/mL,26.30 ng/mL and 26.30-363.08 ng/mL, respectively. The UICA had no CR with the analogues of imidaclothiz except for imidacloprid. The average spiked recoveries were 71.8%-97.2% with the relative standard deviations of 0.7%-10.7% in the matrices of paddy water, soil,pear,peach,wheat,cucumber,tomato and rice. The detection results of UICA for the authentic paddy water and pear samples were consistent with that of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Predictive study on the pooling fund income and expenditure of the basic medical insurance for urban employees in Beijing / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To predict the age structure of basic medical insurance participants in Beijing from 2017 to 2030, and the pooling fund income and expenditure of basic medical insurance for urban employees in Beijing for the same period, for reference of the establishment of a scientific and reasonable medical insurance policy. Methods Based on the data of basic medical insurance participants in Beijing from 2010 to 2016, the age structure of insured population from 2017 to 2030 was calculated by"Feedback" calculating method. Combined with the growth rate of pooling fund income and expenditure of basic medical insurance for urban employees, the pooling fund income and expenditure was predicted from 2017 to 2030. Results The age structure of basic medical insurance participants in Beijing stays at a"young" stage at present in general, and the fund is faced with less fund-raising pressure relatively. The proportion of retirees and those insured aged 65 years old and above will be up to 23. 28％ and 15. 06％, respectively. The pressure of fund operation is increasing. Conclusions Under the existing policies, the pressure on fund operation is increasing, and the fund may fail to make ends meet in the future, which calls for measures to cope with.

Approach to the patient with aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy. Only a few cases are reported in China. This systematic review investigated the diagnosis and treatment strategy of aldosterone-producing ACC through a recent case of the disease. A case of a 49-year-old female who diagnosed with aldosterone-producing ACC by hormonal assays, medical imaging and pathology. Her condition has been alleviated after surgery. Aldosterone-producing ACC is a rare malignancy with limited treatment options and surgery is the primary treatment strategy.

Different fractionation schedules of radiotherapy in preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer:a clinical study / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of preoperative hypofractionated and conventionally-fractionated chemoradiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 86 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer receiving chemoradiotherpy in Sichuan Cancer Hospital between 2002 and 2011 were enrolled and randomized into the preoperative hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy group ( group A, n=41, 30 Gy in 10 fractions for 2 weeks ) and conventionally-fractionated chemoradiotherapy group ( group B, n=45, 40 Gy in 20 fractions for 4 weeks ) . Surgery was performed at 2-6 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. The probability of patients' survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by log-rank test. Results In groups A and B, the pathological downstaging rates were 68％ and 56％( P=0. 270) , the R0 resection rates were 95％ and 89％( P=0. 437) and the pCR rates of 32％ and 24％( P=0. 480).The 1-,3-and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 78％ and 69％,44％ and 44％,29％ and 33％(P=0. 114,0. 223,0. 289), and the progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 71％ and 62％,39％ and 38％,24％ and 29％(P=0. 211,0. 689,0. 331), respectively. The incidence rate of chemoradiothery-and surgery-related adverse events did not differ between two groups (P=0. 089-0. 872).The average length of hospital stay, radiotherapy cost and preoperative treatment costs in group A were significantly less compared with those in group B (P=0. 000,0. 000,0. 000). Conclusions Both preoperative hypofractionated and conventionally-fractionated chemoradiotherapy can be used as the regimen of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with resectable thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Compared with conventionally-fractionated chemoradiotherapy, preoperative hypofractionated chemoradiotherapy has shorter treatment cycle, shorter length of hospital stay and lower radiotherapy cost, which is more easily accepted by patients.

Radiosensitive effect of gold nanoparticles on lung cancer A549 cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To study the radiosensitization effect of thio-glucose capped gold nanoparticles (Glu-GNPs) on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro.Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 in logarithmic phase was divided into four groups:control group,drug group (Glu-GNPs),irradiation group (irradiation of 6 MV group and irradiation of 160 kV group),Glu-GNPs combined irradiation group (6 MV + Glu-GNPs group,160 kV + Glu-GNPs group).Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the distribution of Glu-GNPs in cells.Toxicity of Glu-GNPs on A549 cells and the inhibitory effect of Glu-GNPs combined with irradiation on cell proliferation were determined using crystal violet assay.Clonogenic assay were performed to evaluate radiosensitization of Glu-GNPs on A549 cells.Immunofluorescence assay of γ-H2AX,a biomarker of DNA damage that underlies cellular response to irradiation was used to evaluate radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB).Results TEM images showed that Glu-GNPs were mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of A549 cells,including endosomes and mitochondria.Glu-GNPs had little cytotoxicity toward A549 cells with a concentration lower than 100 nmol/L.Different concentrations (0-100 nmol/L)of Glu-GNPs combined with different energy of X-rays had significant inhibitory effects on A549 cells.Under 160 kV and 6 MV X-ray conditions,the Glu-GNPs treatment further decreased the survival fraction of irradiation group (P ＜ 0.05),and the sensitizing enhancement ratio (SER) was 1.41 and 1.15,respectively.Moreover,Glu-GNPs significantly increased radiation-induced γ-H2AX foci in A549 cells,and the number of γ-H2AX foci with 160 kV X-ray radiation was higher than that with 6 MV X-ray radiation (t =12.392,14.893,18.947,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Uptake of Glu-GNPs by A549 cells could enhance radiation effects,especially for kilovolt X-ray radiation.